Applied Materials, Inc.

This segment builds the machines that construct a chip layer by layer. The tools add material to a wafer, remove material in a set pattern, change how the silicon conducts, and polish the wafer flat between steps. Chip makers buy this equipment for new factories and for major process changes, so orders rise and fall with global factory investment, especially spending tied to AI, advanced logic, and memory chips.该部门制造用于逐层构建芯片的设备。这些设备为晶圆添加材料、按既定图案去除材料、改变硅的导电方式，并在各工序之间将晶圆抛光平整。芯片制造商在新建工厂或进行重大工艺变更时采购这些设备，因此订单随全球工厂投资起伏，尤其是与人工智能、先进逻辑芯片和存储芯片相关的支出。

• Deposition沉积 — Adds a layer of metal or insulator a few atoms thick across the whole wafer.在整片晶圆上加一层只有几个原子厚的金属或绝缘体。
• Etch刻蚀 — Removes material in an exact pattern to cut the shapes of the circuit.按精确的图案去除材料，刻出电路的形状。
• Ion implantation离子注入 — Fires ions into the silicon to change how it conducts. Applied Materials has long led this step.把离子射入硅中，改变它的导电方式。应用材料长期在这道工序上领先。
• Chemical mechanical planarisation化学机械平坦化 — Polishes the wafer flat between layers, because the next layer cannot print on an uneven surface.在层与层之间把晶圆抛光磨平，因为下一层无法印在不平的表面上。

This segment keeps the installed base of chip-making tools running. It sells service contracts, spare parts, and refurbished equipment to factories that already own Applied Materials tools. Because a factory keeps a tool in use for many years, this revenue repeats each year, and it falls less than new-machine sales during a chip-industry downturn.该部门负责维护已安装的芯片制造设备正常运行。它向已拥有应用材料设备的工厂出售服务合同、备件和翻新设备。由于工厂会长期使用同一台设备，这部分收入每年重复产生，在芯片行业下行期的降幅也小于新设备销售收入。

This segment builds the equipment that makes display panels for televisions, phones, and other screens. The tools deposit and pattern the material layers that form each pixel on the panel. Panel makers buy this equipment when they build a new plant or add capacity, so orders move with the display industry's own investment cycle, separate from the chip industry.该部门制造用于生产电视、手机及其他屏幕面板的设备。这些设备沉积并图案化构成每个像素的材料层。面板制造商仅在新建工厂或扩大产能时才采购此类设备，因此订单随面板行业自身的投资周期起伏，与芯片行业周期不同。